Hunting Season and Biosecurity - A Timely Reminder for Poultry Producers

With hunting season quickly approaching, it is important for poultry producers to remember the connection between outdoor activities and on-farm biosecurity. For many in the industry, hunting—particularly waterfowl hunting—is a seasonal tradition. It also serves a broader purpose in helping control duck and goose populations, which are known carriers of avian influenza viruses.

However, this seasonal activity comes with added responsibility. Hunters who are also poultry producers, or staff members who hunt, must recognize the heightened risk of introducing pathogens such as Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) to flocks.

The Risk Pathway

Wild ducks and geese are natural reservoirs for avian influenza. While they may not show clinical signs of illness, they can shed the virus in their droppings and secretions. Hunters exposed to infected environments—wetlands, harvested birds, or contaminated equipment—can inadvertently bring the virus back onto the farm.

The virus can be transmitted via:

• Clothing and footwear contaminated during hunting trips.

• Vehicles, boats, and equipment used in the field.

• Harvested birds and coolers if brought onto farm property.

Recommended Biosecurity Practices for Hunters

To reduce the risk of disease transfer, producers and employees who hunt should adhere to the following measures:

• Change clothing and footwear before entering poultry barns after hunting.

• Clean and disinfect hands, boots, and equipment thoroughly after each hunt.

• Maintain downtime between hunting activities and returning to farm work.

• Keep hunting gear, vehicles, and harvested birds completely separate from farm premises.

These practices, while simple, can significantly reduce the likelihood of introducing HPAI to poultry operations.

Hunters Supporting Research Efforts

Beyond their role in prevention, hunters are also contributing to the broader understanding of avian influenza. Research has shown that migratory waterfowl play a significant role in spreading avian influenza viruses

(see study here).

Because hunters regularly interact with these wild bird populations, their participation in research is invaluable.

Sunnybrook Hospital is currently conducting a study that seeks hunters as participants to help track the occurrence of HPAI exposure. By sharing their experiences, hunters provide insight into how viruses move between wild and domestic bird populations, ultimately helping shape strategies for disease prevention.

More information on this study and how to participate can be found through the Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters: Seeking Bird Flu Study Participants

Final Note for Industry

Hunting season brings both opportunity and risk. By reinforcing biosecurity protocols with staff and taking steps to minimize cross-contamination, poultry producers can continue to enjoy the tradition of hunting while safeguarding the health of their flocks and contributing to broader research efforts.